在 ALIENTEK 阿波罗STM32F429开发板上使用 openvela 运行LVGL示例（一）

一、概述

本指南（参考在 STM32H750 上部署 openvela以及在 ALIENTEK 阿波罗STM32F429开发板上使用 openvela 实现按键功能（一））将引导您在 ALIENTEK 阿波罗STM32F429开发板上，基于 openvela 实时操作系统，运行 Light and Versatile Graphics Library（LVGL）图形库的演示程序（Demo）。

二、准备工作

在开始之前，请确保您已完成以下准备工作：

1. 获取源码：参考文档快速入门下载最新代码。
2. 了解 openvela 架构：建议您预先阅读 openvela 架构以理解其分层设计。
3. 查阅系统启动流程文档，获取更详细的启动时序和函数调用关系图。
4. 准备好硬件及配套软件。
5. 已完成前期的移植验证操作。

三、运行 Demo

本章节将指导您如何基于 openvela 源码，为 ALIENTEK 阿波罗STM32F429开发板编译并运行一个基础的按键示例。

说明：本文使用的RGBLCD 模块型号为 ATK-7016（7 寸，1024*600）。

1、添加关于ATK-7016的配置选项

在 nuttx/boards/arm/stm32/apollo-disco/Kconfig 文件中可以添加关于ATK-7016的配置选项，更新后的文件如下所示：

#
# For a description of the syntax of this configuration file,
# see the file kconfig-language.txt in the NuttX tools repository.
#

if ARCH_BOARD_APOLLO_DISCO

config APOLLO_DISCO_FLASH
	bool "MTD driver for external 32Mbyte W25Q256 FLASH on SPI5"
	default n
	select MTD
	select MTD_W25QXXXJV
	select MTD_SMART
	select FS_SMARTFS
	select STM32_SPI5
	select MTD_BYTE_WRITE
	---help---
		Configures an MTD device for use with the onboard flash

config APOLLO_DISCO_FLASH_MINOR
	int "Minor number for the FLASH /dev/smart entry"
	default 0
	depends on APOLLO_DISCO_FLASH
	---help---
		Sets the minor number for the FLASH MTD /dev entry

config APOLLO_DISCO_FLASH_PART
	bool "Enable partition support on FLASH"
	default n
	depends on APOLLO_DISCO_FLASH
	---help---
		Enables creation of partitions on the FLASH

config APOLLO_DISCO_FLASH_CONFIG_PART
	bool "Create application config data partition on FLASH"
	default y
	depends on APOLLO_DISCO_FLASH_PART
	depends on PLATFORM_CONFIGDATA
	---help---
		Enables creation of a /dev/config partition on the FLASH

config APOLLO_DISCO_FLASH_CONFIG_PART_NUMBER
	int "Index number of config partition (in list below)"
	default 0
	depends on APOLLO_DISCO_FLASH_CONFIG_PART
	---help---
		Specifies the index number of the config data partition
		from the partition list.

config APOLLO_DISCO_FLASH_PART_LIST
	string "Flash partition size list"
	default "4,8188"
	depends on APOLLO_DISCO_FLASH_PART
	---help---
		Comma separated list of partition sizes in KB.

config APOLLO_DISCO_FLASH_PART_NAMES
	string "Flash partition name list"
	default "config,rfs"
	depends on APOLLO_DISCO_FLASH_PART
	depends on MTD_PARTITION_NAMES
	---help---
		Comma separated list of partition names.

config APOLLO_DISCO_RAMMTD
	bool "MTD driver for SMARTFS RAM disk"
	default n
	select MTD
	select RAMMTD
	---help---
		Configures an MTD based RAM device for use with SMARTFS.

config APOLLO_DISCO_RAMMTD_MINOR
	int "Minor number for RAM /dev/smart entry"
	default 1
	depends on APOLLO_DISCO_RAMMTD
	---help---
		Sets the minor number for the RAM MTD /dev entry

config APOLLO_DISCO_RAMMTD_SIZE
	int "Size in KB of the RAM device to create"
	default 32
	depends on APOLLO_DISCO_RAMMTD
	---help---
		Sets the size of static RAM allocation for the SMART RAM device

config APOLLODISCO_USBHOST_STACKSIZE
	int "USB host waiter stack size"
	default 1024
	depends on USBHOST

config APOLLODISCO_USBHOST_PRIO
	int "USB host waiter task priority"
	default 100
	depends on USBHOST

config PM_BUTTONS
	bool "PM Button support"
	default n
	depends on PM && ARCH_IRQBUTTONS
	---help---
		Enable PM button EXTI interrupts to support PM testing

config PM_BUTTON_ACTIVITY
	int "Button PM activity weight"
	default 10
	depends on PM_BUTTONS
	---help---
		The activity weight to report to the power management subsystem when a button is pressed.

config PM_ALARM_SEC
	int "PM_STANDBY delay (seconds)"
	default 15
	depends on PM && RTC_ALARM
	---help---
		Number of seconds to wait in PM_STANDBY before going to PM_STANDBY mode.

config PM_ALARM_NSEC
	int "PM_STANDBY delay (nanoseconds)"
	default 0
	depends on PM && RTC_ALARM
	---help---
		Number of additional nanoseconds to wait in PM_STANDBY before going to PM_STANDBY mode.

config PM_SLEEP_WAKEUP
	bool "PM_SLEEP wake-up alarm"
	default n
	depends on PM && RTC_ALARM
	---help---
		Wake-up of PM_SLEEP mode after a delay and resume normal operation.

config PM_SLEEP_WAKEUP_SEC
	int "PM_SLEEP delay (seconds)"
	default 10
	depends on PM && RTC_ALARM
	---help---
		Number of seconds to wait in PM_SLEEP before going to PM_STANDBY mode.

config PM_SLEEP_WAKEUP_NSEC
	int "PM_SLEEP delay (nanoseconds)"
	default 0
	depends on PM && RTC_ALARM
	---help---
		Number of additional nanoseconds to wait in PM_SLEEP before going to PM_STANDBY mode.


config APOLLO_DISCO_HIGHPRI
	bool "High priority interrupt test"
	default n

menuconfig APOLLO_DISCO_ATK7016
	bool "LCD driver for ATK7016 Liquid Crystal Display Controller"
	default n
	---help---
		Enables  support for a connected display based on ATK7016 LCD Single Chip
		Driver. This sub driver supports only communication with the display driver
		connected via 4-wire serial (spi) mcu interface.

if APOLLO_DISCO_ATK7016

choice
	prompt "LCD Interface Type"
	default APOLLO_DISCO_ATK7016_FBIFACE if STM32_LTDC

config APOLLO_DISCO_ATK7016_FBIFACE
	bool "Enable support for nuttx framebuffer interface"
	depends on STM32_LTDC
	---help---
		Enable lcd driver support for the nuttx framebuffer interface to displaying
		data via ltdc controller of the stm32f429i mcu.

endchoice # LCD Interface Type

if APOLLO_DISCO_ATK7016_FBIFACE

choice
	prompt "LCD Orientation"
	default APOLLO_DISCO_ATK7016_FBIFACE_PORTRAIT
	---help---
		Configure display orientation.

config APOLLO_DISCO_ATK7016_FBIFACE_LANDSCAPE
	bool "Landscape orientation"
	---help---
		Define for "landscape" orientation support.

config APOLLO_DISCO_ATK7016_FBIFACE_PORTRAIT
	bool "Portrait orientation"
	---help---
		Define for "portrait" orientation support.

config APOLLO_DISCO_ATK7016_FBIFACE_RLANDSCAPE
	bool "Reverse landscape orientation"
	---help---
		Define for "reverse landscape" orientation support.

config APOLLO_DISCO_ATK7016_FBIFACE_RORTRAIT
	bool "Reverse portrait display"
	---help---
		Define for "reverse portrait" orientation support.

endchoice # LCD Interface Orientation

endif # APOLLO_DISCO_ATK7016_FBIFACE
endif # APOLLO_DISCO_ATK7016

endif # ARCH_BOARD_APOLLO_DISCO

2、创建新的配置

以为ALIENTEK 阿波罗STM32F429开发板移植openvela :: 二、代码实现步骤 :: 1.创建代码目录结构 为基础，

• 在nuttx/boards/arm/stm32/apollo-disco/configs目录下，创建一个名为 lvgl的新目录，并在此目录中创建按键示例的默认配置文件deconfig；
• 在 nuttx/boards/arm/stm32/apollo-disco/src目录下,创建stm32_lcd.c。

更新后的nuttx/boards/arm/stm32/apollo-disco/代码目录结构如下：

apollo-disco
├── CMakeLists.txt
├── configs                           # defconfig 配置路径
│   └── nsh
│       └── defconfig                 # NuttShell (NSH) 的默认配置
│	└── led
│       └── defconfig                 # LED 示例的默认配置
│	└── btns
│       └── defconfig                 # 按键示例的默认配置
│	└── lvgl
│       └── defconfig                 # LVGL示例的默认配置
├── include
│   └── board.h                       # 板级硬件配置头文件
├── Kconfig                           # 板级 Kconfig 配置文件
├── scripts                           # 链接脚本
│   ├── ld.script                     # 链接器脚本
│   └── Make.defs                     # 板级 Make 定义
└── src
    ├── CMakeLists.txt
    ├── Make.defs
    ├── stm32_appinit.c               # 实现 board_app_initialize
    ├── stm32_autoleds.c              # 实现系统状态 LED 控制
    ├── stm32_boot.c                  # 实现 stm32_boardinitialize
    ├── stm32_bringup.c               # 实现驱动初始化
    ├── apollo-disco.h                # 板级私有头文件，定义 GPIO
    ├── stm32_userleds.c              # 实现用户层 LED 驱动接口
	├── stm32_extmem.c             	  # 实现 stm32_sdram_initialize
	├── stm32_buttons.c               # 实现按键驱动接口
	└── stm32_lcd.c               	  # 实现LCD驱动接口

创建nuttx/boards/arm/stm32/apollo-disco/configs/lvgl/deconfig 如下：

说明：本文使用的RGBLCD 模块型号为 ATK-7016（7 寸，1024*600），因此，即便启用全尺寸双缓冲，设置CONFIG_STM32_LTDC_FB_SIZE=1024*600*2*2=2457600即可。

#
# This file is autogenerated: PLEASE DO NOT EDIT IT.
#
# You can use "make menuconfig" to make any modifications to the installed .config file.
# You can then do "make savedefconfig" to generate a new defconfig file that includes your
# modifications.
#
CONFIG_APOLLO_DISCO_ATK7016=y
CONFIG_APOLLO_DISCO_ATK7016_FBIFACE_LANDSCAPE=y
CONFIG_ARCH="arm"
CONFIG_ARCH_BOARD="apollo-disco"
CONFIG_ARCH_BOARD_APOLLO_DISCO=y
CONFIG_ARCH_BUTTONS=y
CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP="stm32"
CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP_STM32=y
CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP_STM32F429I=y
CONFIG_ARCH_STACKDUMP=y
CONFIG_BOARD_LOOPSPERMSEC=13984
CONFIG_BUILTIN=y
CONFIG_DEBUG_CUSTOMOPT=y
CONFIG_DEBUG_SYMBOLS=y
CONFIG_DRIVERS_VIDEO=y
CONFIG_EXAMPLES_FB=y
CONFIG_EXAMPLES_LVGLDEMO=y
CONFIG_FS_PROCFS=y
CONFIG_GRAPHICS_LVGL=y
CONFIG_HAVE_CXX=y
CONFIG_HAVE_CXXINITIALIZE=y
CONFIG_HEAP2_BASE=0xC0000000
CONFIG_HEAP2_SIZE=33554432
CONFIG_INIT_ENTRYPOINT="nsh_main"
CONFIG_INPUT=y
CONFIG_INTELHEX_BINARY=y
CONFIG_LV_DEF_REFR_PERIOD=10
CONFIG_LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_12=y
CONFIG_LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_16=y
CONFIG_LV_FONT_MONTSERRAT_24=y
CONFIG_LV_USE_CLIB_MALLOC=y
CONFIG_LV_USE_CLIB_SPRINTF=y
CONFIG_LV_USE_CLIB_STRING=y
CONFIG_LV_USE_DEMO_WIDGETS=y
CONFIG_LV_USE_LOG=y
CONFIG_LV_USE_NUTTX=y
CONFIG_LV_USE_PERF_MONITOR=y
CONFIG_LV_USE_SYSMON=y
CONFIG_MM_REGIONS=2
CONFIG_MQ_MAXMSGSIZE=64
CONFIG_NSH_ARCHINIT=y
CONFIG_NSH_BUILTIN_APPS=y
CONFIG_NSH_FILEIOSIZE=512
CONFIG_NSH_LINELEN=64
CONFIG_NSH_READLINE=y
CONFIG_PREALLOC_TIMERS=4
CONFIG_RAM_SIZE=114688
CONFIG_RAM_START=0x20000000
CONFIG_RAW_BINARY=y
CONFIG_RR_INTERVAL=200
CONFIG_SCHED_HPWORK=y
CONFIG_SCHED_WAITPID=y
CONFIG_START_DAY=15
CONFIG_START_MONTH=11
CONFIG_START_YEAR=2017
CONFIG_STM32_CCMEXCLUDE=y
CONFIG_STM32_DISABLE_IDLE_SLEEP_DURING_DEBUG=y
CONFIG_STM32_EXTERNAL_RAM=y
CONFIG_STM32_FMC=y
CONFIG_STM32_JTAG_SW_ENABLE=y
CONFIG_STM32_LTDC=y
CONFIG_STM32_LTDC_FB_BASE=0xC0000000
CONFIG_STM32_LTDC_FB_SIZE=2457600
CONFIG_STM32_PWR=y
CONFIG_STM32_USART1=y
CONFIG_SYSTEM_NSH=y
CONFIG_TASK_NAME_SIZE=0
CONFIG_USART1_SERIAL_CONSOLE=y
CONFIG_VIDEO_FB=y

3、定义硬件宏

在src/apollo-disco.h和 include/board.h 中定义相关的硬件宏。

apollo-disco.h：板级私有定义

在nuttx/boards/arm/stm32/apollo-disco/src/apollo-disco.h中添加LCD背光控制IO口的宏定义如下:

#define GPIO_LCD_BL        (GPIO_OUTPUT|GPIO_PUSHPULL|GPIO_SPEED_50MHz|\
                            GPIO_OUTPUT_SET|GPIO_PORTB|GPIO_PIN5)

include/board.h：公共板级定义

配置LCD时钟和接口，在 nuttx/boards/arm/stm32/apollo-disco/include/board.h 中添加:

/* Panel configuration
 *
 * PLLSAI settings
 * PLLSAIN                : 360
 * PLLSAIR                : 2
 * PLLSAIQ                : 7
 * PLLSAIDIVR             : 4
 *
 * Timings
 * Horizontal Front Porch : 160  (STM32_LTDC_HFP)
 * Horizontal Back Porch  : 140  (STM32_LTDC_HBP)
 * Vertical Front Porch   :  12  (STM32_LTDC_VFP)
 * Vertical Back Porch    :  20  (STM32_LTDC_VBP)
 *
 * Horizontal Sync        : 20  (STM32_LTDC_HSYNC)
 * Vertical Sync          :  3  (STM32_LTDC_VSYNC)
 *
 * Active Width           : 600 (STM32_LTDC_ACTIVEW)
 * Active Height          : 1024 (STM32_LTDC_ACTIVEH)
 */

/* LTDC PLL configuration
 *
 * PLLSAI_VCO = STM32_HSE_FREQUENCY / PLLM
 *            = 25000000ul / 25
 *            = 1,000,000
 *
 * PLL LCD clock output
 *            = PLLSAI_VCO * PLLSAIN / PLLSAIR / PLLSAIDIVR
 *            = 1,000,000 * 360 / 2 /4
 *            = 45,000,000
 */

#ifdef CONFIG_STM32_LTDC
# ifdef CONFIG_APOLLO_DISCO_ATK7016_FBIFACE

/* Defined panel settings */

#if defined(CONFIG_APOLLO_DISCO_ATK7016_FBIFACE_LANDSCAPE) || \
    defined(CONFIG_APOLLO_DISCO_ATK7016_FBIFACE_RLANDSCAPE)
#  define BOARD_LTDC_WIDTH              1024
#  define BOARD_LTDC_HEIGHT             600
#else
#  define BOARD_LTDC_WIDTH              600
#  define BOARD_LTDC_HEIGHT             1024
#endif

#define BOARD_LTDC_OUTPUT_BPP           16
#define BOARD_LTDC_HFP                  160
#define BOARD_LTDC_HBP                  140
#define BOARD_LTDC_VFP                  12
#define BOARD_LTDC_VBP                  20
#define BOARD_LTDC_HSYNC                20
#define BOARD_LTDC_VSYNC                3

#define BOARD_LTDC_PLLSAIN              360
#define BOARD_LTDC_PLLSAIR              2
#define BOARD_LTDC_PLLSAIQ              7

/* Division factor for LCD clock */

#define STM32_RCC_DCKCFGR_PLLSAIDIVR    RCC_DCKCFGR_PLLSAIDIVR_DIV4

/* Pixel Clock Polarity */

#define BOARD_LTDC_GCR_PCPOL            0 /* !LTDC_GCR_PCPOL */

/* Data Enable Polarity */

#define BOARD_LTDC_GCR_DEPOL            0 /* !LTDC_GCR_DEPOL */

/* Vertical Sync Polarity */

#define BOARD_LTDC_GCR_VSPOL            0 /* !LTDC_GCR_VSPOL */

/* Horizontal Sync Polarity */

#define BOARD_LTDC_GCR_HSPOL            0 /* !LTDC_GCR_HSPOL */

/* GPIO pinset */

#define GPIO_LTDC_PINS                  16 /* 16-bit display */

#define GPIO_LTDC_R3                    GPIO_LTDC_R3_2
#define GPIO_LTDC_R4                    GPIO_LTDC_R4_2
#define GPIO_LTDC_R5                    GPIO_LTDC_R5_2
#define GPIO_LTDC_R6                    GPIO_LTDC_R6_2
#define GPIO_LTDC_R7                    GPIO_LTDC_R7_1

#define GPIO_LTDC_G2                    GPIO_LTDC_G2_2
#define GPIO_LTDC_G3                    GPIO_LTDC_G3_2
#define GPIO_LTDC_G4                    GPIO_LTDC_G4_2
#define GPIO_LTDC_G5                    GPIO_LTDC_G5_2
#define GPIO_LTDC_G6                    GPIO_LTDC_G6_2
#define GPIO_LTDC_G7                    GPIO_LTDC_G7_2

#define GPIO_LTDC_B3                    GPIO_LTDC_B3_1
#define GPIO_LTDC_B4                    GPIO_LTDC_B4_3
#define GPIO_LTDC_B5                    GPIO_LTDC_B5_2
#define GPIO_LTDC_B6                    GPIO_LTDC_B6_2
#define GPIO_LTDC_B7                    GPIO_LTDC_B7_2

#define GPIO_LTDC_VSYNC                 GPIO_LTDC_VSYNC_2
#define GPIO_LTDC_HSYNC                 GPIO_LTDC_HSYNC_2
#define GPIO_LTDC_DE                    GPIO_LTDC_DE_1
#define GPIO_LTDC_CLK                   GPIO_LTDC_CLK_1

#endif /* CONFIG_APOLLO_DISCO_ATK7016 display */

/* Configure PLLSAI */

#define STM32_RCC_PLLSAICFGR_PLLSAIN    RCC_PLLSAICFGR_PLLSAIN(BOARD_LTDC_PLLSAIN)
#define STM32_RCC_PLLSAICFGR_PLLSAIR    RCC_PLLSAICFGR_PLLSAIR(BOARD_LTDC_PLLSAIR)
#define STM32_RCC_PLLSAICFGR_PLLSAIQ    RCC_PLLSAICFGR_PLLSAIQ(BOARD_LTDC_PLLSAIQ)

#endif /* CONFIG_STM32_LTDC */

4、实现LCD驱动

stm32_lcd.c：lcd驱动

/****************************************************************************
 * boards/arm/stm32h7/apollo-disco/src/stm32_lcd.c
 ****************************************************************************/

/****************************************************************************
 * Included Files
 ****************************************************************************/

#include <nuttx/config.h>

#include <errno.h>
#include <debug.h>

#include <nuttx/arch.h>
#include <nuttx/board.h>
#include <nuttx/video/fb.h>
#include <arch/board/board.h>

#include "stm32_gpio.h"
#include "stm32_ltdc.h"

#include "apollo-disco.h"

#ifdef CONFIG_STM32_LTDC
/****************************************************************************
 * Public Functions
 ****************************************************************************/

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: up_fbinitialize
 *
 * Description:
 *   Initialize the framebuffer video hardware associated with the display.
 *
 * Input Parameters:
 *   display - In the case of hardware with multiple displays, this
 *     specifies the display.  Normally this is zero.
 *
 * Returned Value:
 *   Zero is returned on success; a negated errno value is returned on any
 *   failure.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

int up_fbinitialize(int display)
{
  /* Custom LCD display with RGB interface */

  stm32_configgpio(GPIO_LCD_BL);

  stm32_gpiowrite(GPIO_LCD_BL, true);

  return stm32_ltdcinitialize();
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: up_fbgetvplane
 *
 * Description:
 *   Return a a reference to the framebuffer object for the specified video
 *   plane of the specified plane.
 *   Many OSDs support multiple planes of video.
 *
 * Input Parameters:
 *   display - In the case of hardware with multiple displays, this
 *     specifies the display.  Normally this is zero.
 *   vplane - Identifies the plane being queried.
 *
 * Returned Value:
 *   A non-NULL pointer to the frame buffer access structure is returned on
 *   success; NULL is returned on any failure.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

struct fb_vtable_s *up_fbgetvplane(int display, int vplane)
{
  return stm32_ltdcgetvplane(vplane);
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: up_fbuninitialize
 *
 * Description:
 *   Uninitialize the framebuffer support for the specified display.
 *
 * Input Parameters:
 *   display - In the case of hardware with multiple displays, this
 *     specifies the display.  Normally this is zero.
 *
 * Returned Value:
 *   None
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

void up_fbuninitialize(int display)
{
  
  stm32_gpiowrite(GPIO_LCD_BL, false);

  stm32_ltdcuninitialize();
}
#endif /* CONFIG_STM32_LTDC */

5、更新stm32_bringup.c

此文件中的 stm32_bringup() 函数负责初始化并注册所有板载设备的驱动程序。在本例中，我们在原有的基础上继续注册帧缓冲设备驱动。。

/****************************************************************************
 * Included Files
 ****************************************************************************/

#include <nuttx/config.h>

#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <debug.h>
#include <errno.h>

#include <nuttx/board.h>
#include <nuttx/fs/fs.h>
#include <nuttx/kmalloc.h>

#include "stm32.h"
#include "apollo-disco.h"

#ifdef CONFIG_INPUT_BUTTONS_LOWER
#  include <nuttx/input/buttons.h>
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_USERLED
#  include <nuttx/leds/userled.h>
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_VIDEO_FB
#  include <nuttx/video/fb.h>
#endif


int stm32_bringup(void)
{
  int ret = OK;
  
......
#ifdef CONFIG_VIDEO_FB
  /* Initialize and register the framebuffer driver */

  ret = fb_register(0, 0);
  if (ret < 0)
    {
      syslog(LOG_ERR, "ERROR: fb_register() failed: %d\n", ret);
    }
#endif
......    
  /* 在此添加其他驱动的初始化，例如 I2C, SPI, SDIO 等 */
  UNUSED(ret);
  return OK;
}

6、更新项目配置文件

• 更新nuttx/boards/arm/stm32/apollo-disco/src/Make.def

  ############################################################################
  # boards/arm/stm32/apollo-disco/src/Make.defs
  ############################################################################
  
  include $(TOPDIR)/Make.defs
  
  CSRCS = stm32_boot.c stm32_bringup.c
  
  ifeq ($(CONFIG_ARCH_LEDS),y)
  CSRCS += stm32_autoleds.c
  else
  CSRCS += stm32_userleds.c
  endif
  
  ifeq ($(CONFIG_ARCH_BUTTONS),y)
  CSRCS +=  stm32_buttons.c
  endif
  
  ifeq ($(CONFIG_BOARDCTL),y)
  CSRCS += stm32_appinit.c
  endif
  
  ifeq ($(CONFIG_STM32_FMC),y)
  CSRCS += stm32_extmem.c
  endif
  
  ifeq ($(and \
      $(CONFIG_APOLLO_DISCO_ATK7016_FBIFACE), \
      $(CONFIG_STM32_LTDC)),y)
      CSRCS += stm32_lcd.c
  endif
  
  DEPPATH += --dep-path board
  VPATH += :board
  CFLAGS += ${INCDIR_PREFIX}$(TOPDIR)$(DELIM)arch$(DELIM)$(CONFIG_ARCH)$(DELIM)src$(DELIM)board$(DELIM)board
  
  

• 更新nuttx/boards/arm/stm32/apollo-disco/src/CMakeList.txt

  # ##############################################################################
  # boards/arm/stm32/apollo-disco/src/CMakeLists.txt
  # ##############################################################################
  
  set(SRCS stm32_boot.c stm32_bringup.c)
  
  if(CONFIG_ARCH_LEDS)
    list(APPEND SRCS stm32_autoleds.c)
  else()
    list(APPEND SRCS stm32_userleds.c)
  endif()
  
  if(CONFIG_ARCH_BUTTONS)
    list(APPEND SRCS stm32_buttons.c)
  endif()
  
  if(CONFIG_BOARDCTL)
    list(APPEND SRCS stm32_appinit.c)
  endif()
  
  if(CONFIG_STM32_FMC)
    list(APPEND SRCS stm32_extmem.c)
  endif()
  
  if(CONFIG_APOLLO_DISCO_ATK7016_FBIFACE
     AND CONFIG_STM32_LTDC)
    list(APPEND SRCS stm32_lcd.c)
  endif()
  
  target_sources(board PRIVATE ${SRCS})
  
  set_property(GLOBAL PROPERTY LD_SCRIPT "${NUTTX_BOARD_DIR}/scripts/ld.script")
  
  

7、加载并配置项目

1. 打开 menuconfig 配置界面:

# 进入 openvela 根目录  
# 进入menuconfig配置界面
./build.sh apollo-disco:lvgl menuconfig

2. 按 / 键搜索并禁用STM32_LTDC_L2

说明：本文中的SDRAM时钟配置为84MHz，数据位宽16bit，那么理论上其最大带宽为84 MHz * 16 bits /8= 164MB/s。对于 ATK-7016，LCD时钟配置为45MHz较为合适（时钟配置过小会导致屏幕刷新率不够，从而出现屏幕会闪烁现象），因此不适合启用STM32_LTDC_L2（若启用，因数据带宽不够，会呈现雪花屏）。

3. 保存配置，按 Q 键退出菜单，选择 Y 键保存配置。

8、编译代码

在完成上面的步骤后，按以下流程为 阿波罗STM32F429 开发板生成所需二进制文件：

# 进入 openvela 根目录  
# 清除之前的构建产物
./build.sh apollo-disco:lvgl distclean
# 基于新配置构建项目 
./build.sh apollo-disco:lvgl -j8

编译完成后，生成的文件位于 nuttx 目录下，包括：

• nuttx.bin
• nuttx.hex

9、烧录固件

参考在 STM32F411 上使用 openvela 点亮 LED: ： 四、运行Demo:：5、烧录固件

10、连接串口

参考在 STM32F411 上使用 openvela 点亮 LED: ： 四、运行Demo:：6、连接串口

11、运行示例

1. 重新打开 minicom，连接成功后，在 Minicom 终端中按回车，您会看到 nsh> 提示符。

2. 运行按键示例，请输入以下命令：

   lvgldemo
   

3. 串口终端会输出相应的提示。
   
   ATK-7016显示效果如下
   

   LVGL_WIDGET_NORMAL

   说明：由于手机拍摄问题，视频中的屏幕在闪烁，但现场用肉眼看时，并不存在屏幕闪烁问题。

四、其他

1、雪花屏

在nuttx/boards/arm/stm32/Kconfig中，STM32_LTDC_L2是默认启用的：

在STM32_LTDC_L2启用且LTDC时钟为45MHz的情况下，ATK-7016的会出现雪花屏：

2、屏幕闪烁

在 nuttx/boards/arm/stm32/apollo-disco/include/board.h 中配置PLLSAIDIVR为8分频时：

#define STM32_RCC_DCKCFGR_PLLSAIDIVR    RCC_DCKCFGR_PLLSAIDIVR_DIV8

LCD时钟降为22MHz，ATK-7016的会出现明显的屏幕闪烁：